How about Japan and China? I mean, "He's a Chinese" doesn't sound very much like a noun. We say "Irishman", but woe betide you if you say "Chinaman". And folks say "Burmese" instead of "Burman".

English is hecka inconsistent and stuff like this makes me awfully glad English is my first language. I'd hate to learn it as a foreign language.

I tried to do a summary of formation of national adjectives in January after a controversy on an online forum where someone in China was convinced that "Chinese" is pejorative because dictionaries list some other -ese words like "journalese" as pejorative. Here's as far as I got:

-ese: mostly areas where first European colonizers were Portuguese, Dutch or French

coastal Asia: Chinese Taiwanese [and other Chinese provinces] Japanese Vietnamese Burmese Arakanese
Indonesian regions: Achehnese Sundanese Javanese Balinese Macassarese Timorese Irianese (exceptions: Bornean, Moluccan) Sinhalese (recently Sinhala) Macanese Goanese
Micronesia: Gilbertese Marshallese (might be language only)

French colonies in Africa and Middle East:
Lebanese Congolese Senegalese Togolese Sudanese (name predates present country which was a British colony)

Dutch colony: Surinamese

SW Europe: either from local or French names
Portuguese Aragonese Piedmontese Milanese Sienese Bernese
____________________________________________________

-an: From scholarly Latin or from Spanish
Central Europe: Recent Latinate coinages
Belgian Italian German Austrian Norwegian

Eastern Europe:
Slovakian (Slovak) Romanian Wallachian Bulgarian
Hungarian Slovenian (Slovene) Serbian Croatian Bosnian Macedonian Albanian

ex-USSR:
Russian Ukrainian Belarussian Moldavian Georgian Armenian Estonian Latvian Lithuanian

North Africa and Middle East: Mauretanian Moroccan Algerian Tunisian Libyan Egyptian Palestinian Syrian Iranian Bactrian

African: Ethiopian Kenyan Tanzanian Ugandan Rwandan Zambian Zimbabwean Cameroonian Nigerian Ghanaian Liberian Ivoirian Guinean Cape Verdean Mozambican Angolan Namibian

American:
Canadian American Bahamian Cuban Puerto Rican
Dominican Haitian Mexican Guatemalan Salvadoran Honduran Nicaraguan Costa Rican Panamanian Jamaican Colombian Venezuelan Ecuadoran Peruvian Brazilian Uruguayan Paraguayan Bolivian Argentinian (Argentine) Chilean

Micronesian Polynesian Melanesian: Fijian Samoan Tongan Marquesan Tahitian Hawaiian

Asia: recent coinage or inland
Mongolian Tibetan Korean Laotian Cambodian Singaporean Malaysian Indonesian Indian Australian
____________________________________________________


-ish for language / -man or -ard for people: close to England
English (Englishman) Welsh (Welshman) Irish (Irishman) Scottish (Scots, Scot, Scotsman) French (Frenchman) Dutch (Dutchman, Hollander)

-ish for language / zero for people: east of England
Danish (Dane) Swedish (Swede) Finnish (Finn) Polish (Pole) Turkish (Turk)

-ish for adjective / other for people
British (Briton) Spanish (Spaniard, originally pejorative?)

-ic: Icelandic (Icelander?) Greenlandic (Greenlander) Gaelic (Gael)

-i: from genitive in languages of these regions
Israeli Iraqi Saudi Yemeni Omani Azeri (Azerbaijani)
Farsi (Iranian) Pakistani Bangladeshi
South Asian languages: Hindi, Punjabi, Bengali, Marathi, Sindhi (not Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam) Nepali Somali
____________________________________________________

Other:
Greek Cypriot Filipino

Spaniard, Spanish

-er for people:
Hollander Greenlander Icelander New Zealander

Invariant
Thai Malay (Malayan only geographical)
Urdu
Swiss Czech Yugoslav